Basilica of Santo Spirito

The Basilica of Santo Spirito, located in the Oltrarno district of Florence, is one of the most extraordinary examples of Renaissance architecture. The project was entrusted to Filippo Brunelleschi, one of the greatest architects of the Renaissance, who began the works in 1444. Unfortunately, Brunelleschi died in 1446, before seeing his work completed, and the works were carried on by his students, who did not always fully understand the master’s original vision. The exterior of the basilica is striking for its simplicity. Brunelleschi had envisioned a facade facing the Arno, with a loggia surrounding the entire building, but these ideas were not realized due to financial limitations and resistance from local landowners. The current facade, austere and devoid of decorations, dates back to 1792, reflecting a simpler and more modest interpretation compared to Brunelleschi’s original plans. The interior of the basilica is a masterpiece of spatiality and harmony. The Latin cross plan is divided into three naves by columns in pietra serena supporting round arches. The main dome, divided into twelve segments, and the numerous side chapels in niches give the space a sense of continuity and movement. The white walls and the grey of the pietra serena create a chromatic contrast that enhances the architectural elegance of the building. Among the works of art housed in the basilica, Michelangelo’s Wooden Crucifix is certainly one of the most important. Michelangelo created this crucifix in 1492, at the age of seventeen, as a sign of gratitude towards the Augustinian friars who had hosted him and allowed him to study anatomy on corpses from the hospital of the convent. After being forgotten for centuries, the crucifix was rediscovered in 1962 and restored, returning to the basilica in 2000. The basilica also houses other valuable works of art. Filippino Lippi’s “Nerli Altarpiece,” located in the Nerli chapel, depicts the Madonna with Child and St. John the Baptist among Saints John, Martin, and Catherine of Alexandria, with a view of the San Frediano district in the background. Other notable works include Pietro del Donzello’s “Annunciation,” Nanni di Baccio Bigio’s “Pietà,” and several works by Alessandro Allori, such as the “Miracles of St. Fiacre” and “Christ and the Adulteress.” Another architectural element of great interest is the octagonal sacristy, designed by Giuliano da Sangallo. This sacristy, with its coffered ceiling and decorations in pietra serena, represents a perfect example of Renaissance elegance. Inside is housed Michelangelo’s Crucifix, displayed in a prominent position that emphasizes the historical and artistic importance of the place.