Revelin Fortress

The Revelin Fortress, located at the eastern entrance of the city of Dubrovnik, is one of the most imposing and well-preserved bastions of the city walls. Built between 1462 and 1549, this fortress represents an extraordinary example of Renaissance military architecture, designed to protect the city from attacks by land and sea, particularly during the period of greatest threat from the Ottoman Empire. The name “Revelin” derives from the Italian word “rivellino”, which indicates an advanced fortification placed in front of the main walls. The construction of the fortress began as a response to the growing Ottoman threat and tensions with the nearby Republic of Venice. The Renaissance architect Michele Sanmicheli, famous for his fortification works, is credited with the final design of the fortress. Sanmicheli integrated the Revelin with the existing walls, creating a defensive complex that could withstand cannons and other siege weapons of the time. One of the most notable features of the Revelin Fortress is its irregular plan, designed to adapt to the rocky terrain on which it stands. The thick and sloping walls are built of local limestone, a choice that gives the structure both strength and aesthetics. The corners of the fortress are reinforced with diamond-shaped bastions, an innovative technique that allowed to deflect artillery shots and reduce damage caused by attacks. Inside, the fortress features large empty spaces that could be used to store weapons, gunpowder, and other supplies needed in case of siege. In addition, the interior rooms were used to accommodate soldiers and served as a refuge for the civilian population during times of conflict. An underground passage system connected the fortress to other parts of the city walls, allowing for rapid and secure movements in case of emergency. The strategic position of the Revelin Fortress gave it a fundamental role in the defense of the city. Located near the port and the Ploče Gate, the fortress controlled the eastern access to Dubrovnik and protected one of the most vulnerable entry points. During the siege of Dubrovnik in 1991, the Revelin was again used as a defensive position, once again demonstrating its strategic importance. The upper terrace of the fortress offers a spectacular view of the old town of Dubrovnik, the port, and the Adriatic Sea. This panoramic point is particularly popular among tourists, who can admire the urban landscape with its characteristic red walls and the crystal-clear waters of the sea. The view from the terrace also allows one to appreciate the ingenuity of the network of fortifications that have protected Dubrovnik for centuries.