INA Building - Bergamo

INA Palace, an emblematic example of Italian rationalist architecture, located in the heart of the city. This building, constructed between 1939 and 1941, was designed by architect Giovanni Battista Costa and represents an important testimony of the fascist period, known for its bold stylistic choices. The INA Palace is not only a significant historical and cultural monument but also an element that has contributed to defining the architectural identity of Bergamo, reflecting the architectural trends of the time. Let us explore its fascinating history and the details that make it unique.Origins and HistoryThe INA Palace, located in one of the most central areas of Bergamo, was created to house the offices of INA, the National Institute of Insurance. Construction began in 1939, at a time when fascist architecture was becoming established in many Italian cities. Architect Giovanni Battista Costa, known for his work in rationalist style, established the palace as a symbol of modernity and security.As a state commission, the INA Palace reflects the principles of the rationalist movement, characterized by geometric shapes, the use of new construction technologies, and a clear emphasis on functionality. This style diverged from the norms of historicist architecture, which had been popular prior to that period. The structure is distinguished by its simple and rigorous facade, decorated with vertical stripe motifs and large windows that allow for an abundance of natural light in the interiors.During the 1950s and 1960s, the palace underwent various restoration and adaptation interventions, following the needs of an evolving era. Despite these changes, the INA Palace has managed to maintain its architectural integrity, becoming a landmark of modern architecture in Bergamo. Over the years, this building has also accommodated various commercial activities and offices, continuing to play a central role in civic life.Today, the INA Palace is recognized as a Property of Historical and Architectural Interest, a recognition that attests to its cultural and historical value. It is not just an administrative building, but also an interesting subject of study for architects and art history enthusiasts. The importance of the INA Palace in the context of Bergamo is therefore twofold: on one hand, as an example of a specific architectural movement, and on the other, as an integral part of the social and cultural history of the city.What to ObserveAs we approach the INA Palace, we notice its imposing facade, characterized by clean and geometric lines. The building extends over several floors, presenting a height that conveys strength and stability. The wide windows on the facade are a distinctive element, reflecting the modernity of the era in which it was built. The glass not only provides brightness to the interiors but also creates an interesting dialogue with the surrounding environment.Entering the palace, to the left, we notice the main entrance, topped by a stone frame that adds a touch of elegance to the sober architecture of the complex. Inside, the hall is dominated by open and bright spaces. The walls, partly covered with modern materials, reflect a minimal aesthetic, symbolic of the functionality sought during that era.Moving deeper into the building, we notice decorative elements that evoke the fascist values of the time. Here we can observe how architect Costa integrated symbols and geometric forms not only to embellish but also to convey a message of order and discipline. Additionally, on the ceiling of the hall, there are frescoes that represent modernization and progress, fundamental themes under the fascist regime.On the second floor, one of the most fascinating things to observe is the original flooring, which has remained intact over the years. The marble tiles, arranged in a geometric pattern, are a clear example of the original project’s attention to detail. Here, functionality meets aesthetics in perfect balance, making the INA Palace an example of how architecture can tell the story of a society.If you look to your right, you will discover one of the meeting rooms, an area that retains the characteristics of rationalist style with essential furnishings and a large window that offers a view of Piazza della Libertà. This space is not only functional for meetings but also represents a place where important decisions were made in the heart of the city.Finally, do not forget to observe the external architectural details, such as the window frames and the entrance step, characterized by sharp lines and simple yet visually impactful materials. These elements reflect the search for a new Italian architectural identity, in contrast to the more ornate and complex styles that preceded it.Context and ConnectionsThe INA Palace is not isolated, but situated in an urban context rich in history and culture. In the surroundings, we find squares and buildings that speak of Bergamo’s past and its evolution over time. Just a short walk away, the Cinque Vie rises, a renowned neighborhood that preserves traces of its medieval origins, with narrow cobblestone streets inviting exploration.Another place of interest nearby is the Donizetti Theater. This prestigious cultural institution hosts concerts and shows, strengthening the bond between art and historiography. It also represents an important landmark in the social life of Bergamo and serves as a stage for the musical history of the 20th century.Finally, we recommend visiting the nearby Accademia Carrara, one of the most important art galleries in Italy, where extraordinary works by artists like Botticelli and Raphael can be admired. This gallery not only enriches Bergamo’s cultural offerings but also represents an additional point of connection between the past and present of the city.CuriositiesAn interesting aspect of the INA Palace is its use in cinema. Over the years, it has served as a backdrop for various productions, attracting attention not only for its architecture but also for its history steeped in charm and mystery.Architect Giovanni Battista Costa, the creator of the Palace, was also the architect of other significant rationalist buildings in Italy, helping to spread and consolidate this style in various contexts.The use of large windows in the INA Palace was pioneering for the time. These architectural choices represented innovation, as they promoted energy savings and ensured healthier and brighter work environments.We hope to have inspired you to discover not only the INA Palace but also all the treasures surrounding this extraordinary place in beautiful Bergamo.