Calouste Gulbenkian Planetarium

The Calouste Gulbenkian Planetarium, located in Belém, near the Jerónimos Monastery, is one of Lisbon’s main scientific attractions. Founded between 1963 and 1965 by architect Frederico George, the planetarium was funded by the Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation, one of Portugal’s most influential cultural foundations established by Armenian oil magnate and philanthropist Calouste Gulbenkian. The Calouste Gulbenkian Planetarium features a projector with 32 stars that can display over 9,000 stars, the Milky Way, star clusters, and nebulae. This sophisticated apparatus allows for incredibly realistic representations of the night sky, offering visitors a unique immersive experience. The planetarium dome, with a diameter of 23 meters, is one of the most imposing elements and hosts astronomical shows that educate and fascinate audiences of all ages. In addition to star shows, the planetarium has a gallery for temporary exhibitions, an observatory (currently under repair), and a specialized library. The planetarium library is a valuable resource for students and astronomy enthusiasts, containing a vast collection of books and scientific journals covering a range of astronomical and space topics. The location of the Calouste Gulbenkian Planetarium in Belém is particularly significant, as it is situated in an area rich in history and culture. Belém is famous for its historic monuments, such as the Belém Tower and the Jerónimos Monastery, both declared UNESCO World Heritage Sites. This strategic location makes the planetarium easily accessible to tourists visiting the area who wish to enhance their cultural experience with an immersion into the world of astronomy. The Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation, which funded the planetarium, is a culturally and scientifically significant institution in Portugal. Founded in 1956 at the behest of Calouste Gulbenkian, the foundation promotes activities in various fields, including art, science, education, and charity. The foundation complex also includes the Calouste Gulbenkian Museum, which houses one of the world’s most important private art collections, with works ranging from antiquity to the 20th century. Calouste Gulbenkian’s legacy is evident not only in the extensive art collection and the planetarium but also in the lasting contribution to culture and education in Portugal. The foundation continues to play a crucial role in supporting cultural and scientific projects, strengthening the link between art, science, and society.