Italian Synagogue

The Italian Synagogue, located in the heart of the Ghetto Nuovo in Venice, is a fascinating example of religious architecture and cultural history. Built in 1575 by Italian Jews, known as “Italkim”, it represents one of the most significant testimonies of the Jewish presence in the Serenissima. Externally, the synagogue has a modest facade, in compliance with the restrictions imposed by the Republic of Venice that prohibited the construction of overly ostentatious religious buildings. This sober exterior sharply contrasts with the richness and elegance of the interiors. The synagogue is easily recognizable for its five large arched windows and the Baroque dome that overlooks the apse. Above the central window is a coat of arms with the inscription “Holy Italian Community in the year 1575”, accompanied by a plaque commemorating the destruction of the Temple. The interior of the synagogue is a true masterpiece of craftsmanship and decoration. The layout is rectangular with the Aron and the Tevah (or Bimah) placed on the short sides, a bifocal system that facilitates the community’s participation in religious ceremonies. The Aron, where the Torah scrolls are kept, is beautifully carved, with decorated doors on the outside and the Ten Commandments inscribed on the inside. The Tevah, on the other hand, is a magnificently adorned pulpit, supported by columns and topped by a dome. The walls of the synagogue are lined with wood up to the height of the windows, creating a warm and welcoming atmosphere. The benches are arranged parallel to the long sides of the room, while the women’s gallery, reserved for women, is located above the entrance, with lowered grates that allow them to view the ceremonies without being seen by the men. The ceiling is decorated with rectangular and circular geometric patterns, adding an additional touch of elegance to the environment. The history of the Italian Synagogue is indissolubly linked to the history of the Venice Ghetto, established in 1516. Italian Jews, like many other European Jewish communities, were subject to numerous restrictions and discriminations, but still managed to create a vibrant cultural and religious community. The Ghetto Nuovo, where the Italian Synagogue is located, became an important center of Venetian Jewish life, also hosting other synagogues such as the Scola Grande Tedesca and the Scola Canton.