Old City

The Old City of Dubrovnik is an architectural and historical gem that embodies the beauty and complexity of centuries of history. Located on the Adriatic coast of Croatia, this area is an extraordinary example of a well-preserved medieval city, so much so that it is recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. With its imposing walls, cobblestone streets, and historic buildings, Dubrovnik offers a fascinating journey through time. The history of the Old City of Dubrovnik dates back to the 7th century, when Roman refugees, fleeing Slavic invasions, settled on a rocky island that would later become the nucleus of the city. Dubrovnik’s strategic location overlooking the Adriatic Sea has always been a strength, fostering trade and making the city a major economic and cultural center. The imposing walls of Dubrovnik, built between the 12th and 17th centuries, are one of the city’s most characteristic features. These walls, stretching for about two kilometers, are among the best-preserved medieval fortifications in Europe. With their towers and bastions, they have defended the city from numerous attacks over the centuries. The Minčeta Tower, the highest point of the walls, offers a breathtaking panoramic view of the city and the surrounding sea. The old city is a labyrinth of narrow streets and picturesque squares, each with its own history and character. The Stradun, the main street, is a wide limestone-paved street that sparkles in the sun thanks to the constant footsteps that have traversed it for centuries. This street is lined with imposing Baroque buildings, among which stand out the Sponza Palace and the Church of St. Blaise. The Sponza Palace, built in the 16th century, has served various purposes over the centuries and is now home to the Dubrovnik State Archives. The Church of St. Blaise, dedicated to the city’s patron saint, is a magnificent example of Baroque architecture. One of the most fascinating places in the Old City is the Dominican Monastery, a complex dating back to the 14th century. This monastery houses a church, a cloister, and a precious library with ancient manuscripts and incunabula. The cloister, with its Gothic arches and tranquil garden, offers an oasis of peace and reflection, away from the hustle and bustle of the city streets. The Rector’s Palace is another significant landmark. Built in the 15th century in Gothic-Renaissance style, this palace was the residence of the rector, the head of the Republic of Ragusa. Today, the palace houses the Dubrovnik History Museum, where artifacts are displayed that tell the rich history of the city, from its medieval origins to modern times. Dubrovnik’s importance as a cultural and economic center is also evidenced by the presence of numerous churches and convents. The Cathedral of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary, rebuilt in the 17th century after a devastating earthquake, preserves valuable works of art, including paintings by the great Italian master Titian. Another fascinating aspect of Dubrovnik is its relationship with the sea. The city has always had a strong connection to the Adriatic, which has shaped its identity and development. The old port, with its colorful boats and fishing vessels, is a charming place to observe daily life and feel the call of the sea. It is no wonder that Dubrovnik has been nicknamed the “Pearl of the Adriatic,” a title that reflects its beauty and historical importance. Over the centuries, Dubrovnik has maintained its independence through shrewd diplomacy and unparalleled commercial skill. The city was part of the Republic of Ragusa, a maritime state that thrived from the 14th to the 19th century. The Republic managed to navigate between regional powers, establishing diplomatic and commercial relations with the Ottoman Empire and various European states, thus maintaining its autonomy and prosperity. Dubrovnik also has a rich cultural tradition. Its summer festival, held annually, attracts artists and visitors from around the world. Theater, music, dance, and other forms of art animate the streets and squares of the city, offering a unique and vibrant cultural experience.