Piazza Santo Stefano

Piazza Santo Stefano, one of the most emblematic places in Bologna, is a square that perfectly expresses the history and culture of the city. Also known as the “Square of the Seven Churches,” this triangular pedestrian square is located near the beginning of Via Santo Stefano, right in front of the monumental complex of the Basilica of Santo Stefano, often called the “Seven Churches.” This name comes from the presence of a group of religious buildings that were erected in different eras, creating a fascinating labyrinth of architectural styles and intertwined stories. The origins of the square date back to Roman times, when it was an integral part of the city’s forum. However, its most significant evolution occurred during the Middle Ages, when the complex of religious buildings began to take shape under the influence of Saint Petronius, bishop of Bologna in the 5th century. Legend has it that Saint Petronius wanted to create a replica of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem, and the result was a collection of churches ranging from Romanesque to Gothic, each with its own history and importance. Among the churches in the complex, the Basilica of the Holy Sepulchre is particularly fascinating. According to local traditions, pregnant women from Bologna used to walk around the sepulchre thirty-three times, one for each year of Christ’s life, before entering to pray inside. This practice, although now discontinued, reflects the depth of the religious symbolism associated with this place. The square is surrounded by important historical buildings that contribute to its unique charm. On the left side are Casa Berti, decorated with frescoes by Gaetano Gandolfi, Palazzo Isolani, and Palazzo Bolognini Isolani. On the other side, the 16th-century Palazzo Bolognini Amorini Salina adds a Renaissance touch to the area. These palaces, with their Gothic and Renaissance porticoes, are magnificent examples of Bologna’s historical and artistic continuity. One of the most evocative aspects of Piazza Santo Stefano is its ability to transform according to the seasons and events. Throughout the year, the square hosts antique markets, outdoor concerts, and performances, making it a lively and dynamic meeting point for residents and tourists. In summer, the porticoes offer a shaded refuge from the heat, while in winter the square fills with human warmth and lights, creating a magical atmosphere. A visit to the complex of the Seven Churches is an essential experience for anyone wishing to fully understand the religious and cultural history of Bologna. Each building tells a different part of the city’s spiritual history. The Church of the Crucifix, the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, and the Church of Saints Vitale and Agricola are just some of the structures that make up this unique complex. Each of these churches has architectural and artistic details that deserve a thorough visit, from the floor mosaics to the sarcophagi decorated with reliefs of lions, deer, and peacocks. The medieval cloister of the complex, often used for exhibitions and cultural events, is another hidden gem. This quiet and contemplative space, with Romanesque-Gothic columns and capitals carved with haunting images, offers a refuge from the city’s frenzy. According to legend, even Dante Alighieri found inspiration in this cloister during his stay in Bologna.