Rectors' Palace

The Rector’s Palace in Dubrovnik is a living testimony of the history and art of the Republic of Ragusa, an ancient maritime state that thrived from the 14th to the 19th century. Located in the heart of the Old Town, this majestic building represents one of the most significant examples of Gothic-Renaissance architecture in Dalmatia. The construction of the Rector’s Palace began in the 14th century and was completed in the 15th century, with various renovations and restorations. Originally designed as the residence of the rector, the highest authority of the Republic of Ragusa, the palace also served as the seat of government and judiciary. The rector, elected for a one-month term, had to live in the palace during his tenure, symbolizing the importance and responsibility of his role. The architecture of the palace is a harmonious blend of Gothic, Renaissance, and Baroque styles. The elegant and imposing facade features a loggia with pointed arches supported by Corinthian columns, giving lightness and sophistication to the building. Italian architects Onofrio della Cava and Michelozzo Michelozzi were among the main creators of its realization, bringing distinctive elements of the Italian Renaissance. The inner courtyard of the palace is a true masterpiece, characterized by a two-level portico and a monumental staircase leading to the upper floors. This space was the center of political and administrative life in Ragusa, where assemblies and official ceremonies were held. The sculptural decorations, richly carved capitals, and mullioned windows testify to the skill of local and foreign craftsmen who worked on its construction. Today, the Rector’s Palace houses the Museum of Cultural History of Dubrovnik, which collects a vast collection of artifacts illustrating the rich history of the city and the Republic of Ragusa. The museum rooms are furnished with antique furniture, paintings, documents, and art objects that offer a glimpse into the daily life and traditions of the Ragusan nobility. Among the most precious pieces are the works of the Venetian painter Carpaccio and the collections of coins and seals that testify to the economic and commercial importance of the Republic. One fascinating aspect of the Rector’s Palace is its history of reconstruction and adaptation. The palace suffered severe damage during an explosion in 1463, which destroyed much of the original structure. The subsequent reconstruction work was entrusted to Michelozzo Michelozzi, who introduced Renaissance elements while maintaining harmony with the existing Gothic style. This intervention not only restored the palace but enriched it with new architectural details, making it one of the most representative buildings of its time. The Council Chamber, located on the first floor, is one of the most evocative rooms in the palace. Decorated with Baroque frescoes and stuccoes, this room hosted government meetings and public hearings. The walls are adorned with portraits of rectors and illustrious citizens of Ragusa, telling the story of a proud and independent city. One of the most fascinating elements of the Rector’s Palace is its astronomical clock, located on the main facade. Made in the 16th century, this clock not only marked the time but also indicated the lunar phases and positions of the planets, reflecting the interest in astronomy and science that characterized Ragusan culture. A visit to the Rector’s Palace also offers the opportunity to explore the underground dungeons, a labyrinth of narrow cells and dark corridors where prisoners were confined. These spaces, still imbued with an eerie atmosphere, tell stories of political plots, intrigues, and punishments that were part of the daily life of the Republic.