Saint Benedict's Palace

The Palácio de São Bento, located in the heart of Lisbon, represents one of the most significant monuments in Portuguese political history. This imposing neoclassical building, now the seat of the Assembly of the Republic, has a fascinating history dating back to 1598, when it was originally built as a Benedictine monastery. The name “São Bento” comes from Saint Benedict, the patron saint of the monastic order that resided there. Over time, the monastery has undergone many transformations. During the devastating earthquake of 1755, which ravaged Lisbon, the building suffered serious damage but was later rebuilt and expanded. In the 19th century, following the victory of liberal forces in the Portuguese Civil War, the monastery was secularized and transformed into the seat of the Portuguese Parliament in 1834. This change marked a decisive turning point, transforming a place of prayer into a center of political power. The architecture of the Palácio de São Bento is a perfect example of neoclassical style. The main façade is dominated by a portico with tall columns supporting a triangular pediment. This pediment is decorated with a bas-relief representing the Portuguese nation, surrounded by allegorical figures symbolizing different areas such as industry and commerce. At the base of the portico, four statues represent the cardinal virtues: Prudence, Justice, Fortitude, and Temperance. The palace has undergone numerous restoration and expansion interventions over the centuries. An important contribution to these works was made by the architect Miguel Ventura Terra, who redesigned the façade and interiors at the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th century, giving the palace its current appearance. During the Salazar regime in the 1940s, the monumental external staircase and the two stone lions that now guard the main entrance were added. The interior of the Palácio de São Bento is equally impressive, with rooms decorated with frescoes, stuccoes, and historical furnishings. The Sala dos Passos Perdidos (Hall of Lost Steps) is one of the most emblematic, used for informal meetings among deputies. The Sala das Sessões, where parliamentary sessions are held, is decorated with portraits of the presidents of the Republic and relevant historical figures. Every month, on the last Saturday, the palace opens its doors to visitors, offering free guided tours that allow exploration of the magnificent rooms and gardens. The gardens, located behind the palace, were designed by Cristino da Silva and host a variety of exotic plants, statues, and artworks, including a tribute to the Carnation Revolution of April 25, 1974. The Palácio de São Bento is also closely linked to the official residence of the Portuguese Prime Minister. This residence, known as Palacete de São Bento, is located in the palace gardens and was built in 1877. Although not open to the public, the residence and its gardens can be admired from the outside, adding another level of interest to this historic site.