Whale Fjord Hvalfjörður

Hvalfjörður, which means “Whale Fjord” in Icelandic, is one of the most picturesque and historically rich fjords in Iceland. Located in the western part of the country, a short distance from the capital Reykjavik, Hvalfjörður stretches for about 30 kilometers and offers a varied panorama of imposing mountains, spectacular waterfalls, and tranquil waters that reflect Iceland’s ever-changing sky. The name Hvalfjörður comes from the historical presence of whales in its waters. In the past, this fjord was an important center for whale hunting, a practice that has left an indelible mark on the local culture and economy. Whales were hunted for their meat and fat, which was used to produce oil. Today, whales are protected and the fjord has become a sighting spot for these magnificent cetaceans, attracting marine wildlife enthusiasts from around the world. The history of Hvalfjörður is deeply intertwined with that of World War II. During the conflict, the fjord was used as a naval base by the Allies, particularly by British and American forces. This natural harbor provided a safe haven for warships and convoys transporting supplies across the Atlantic. The remnants of this period are still visible today, with remains of bunkers, depots, and other military structures dotting the landscape, offering an interesting glimpse into Iceland’s wartime history. From a geological perspective, Hvalfjörður is a paradise for nature lovers. The fjord is surrounded by mountains and hills that offer numerous opportunities for hiking and trekking. One of the most popular trails leads to Glymur waterfall, one of Iceland’s highest at 198 meters. The hike to Glymur is adventurous and engaging, passing through caves, river crossings, and spectacular views that reward every effort. The waterfall plunges into a deep canyon, creating a breathtaking panorama that has become a must-see attraction for visitors to Hvalfjörður. The natural beauty of Hvalfjörður is not limited to mountains and waterfalls. The fjord itself is a biodiverse ecosystem. Its waters are home to numerous species of fish, seals, and seabirds. Bird colonies nesting on cliffs and along the fjord’s shores offer spectacular birdwatching opportunities. The variety of flora and fauna makes Hvalfjörður an ideal place for nature and wildlife photography enthusiasts. An interesting anecdote concerns the construction of the Hvalfjarðargöng tunnel, inaugurated in 1998. Before its opening, the only way to cross the fjord was to travel along a long stretch of road that followed the fjord’s perimeter, a journey that required time and patience. The 5,770-meter tunnel significantly reduced travel time, facilitating connections between Reykjavik and the western part of Iceland. This infrastructure has had a positive impact on the local economy and tourism, making Hvalfjörður more accessible to visitors.