Basilica of Santa Maria dei Servi

The Basilica of Santa Maria dei Servi, located on Strada Maggiore in Bologna, is a magnificent example of Gothic architecture and a historical and artistic symbol of the city. Founded in 1346 on the initiative of the Order of the Servants of Mary, the church was designed by Andrea Manfredi from Faenza and Antonio di Vincenzo, who also collaborated on the construction of the Basilica of San Petronio. The construction of the basilica lasted for centuries, with work continuing until the 19th century. Externally, the basilica is characterized by a simple brick facade, dominated by an oculus that was originally intended to be a rose window. However, the most distinctive architectural element is the quadriportico that surrounds the entire square in front. This portico, started in 1393 and completed in the 19th century, creates a welcoming and solemn atmosphere thanks to its slender columns in Veronese marble. The portico is also famous for hosting the annual Santa Lucia Christmas market, a much-loved event by the people of Bologna. The interior of the basilica is equally fascinating, with a Latin cross plan and three naves separated by circular columns alternating with octagonal pillars that support pointed arches and ribbed vaults. The reddish-brown tones of the terracotta blend with the white of the vaults, creating a visual contrast that enhances the Gothic structure. The basilica houses numerous valuable works of art. Among these, the Enthroned Madonna by Cimabue, created between 1280 and 1290, is one of the oldest and most precious. This tempera and gold panel depicts the Madonna seated on a throne with the Child and angels. In the side chapels there are also works by Dionisio Calvaert, Lippo di Dalmasio, Innocenzo da Imola, and Bartolomeo Cesi. The first chapel on the right houses an Eternal Father by Guercino, while behind the apse, in the ambulatory area, fragments of frescoes attributed to Vitale da Bologna can be admired. One of the most interesting elements of the Basilica of Santa Maria dei Servi is its organ, built by the Tamburini company in 1967. This organ, located in the left arm of the transept, is renowned for its sound quality and the basilica regularly hosts classical music concerts, continuing a long musical tradition dating back to the 17th century, when the church had four organs. The history of the basilica is also linked to important cultural and social events. For example, the portico of the basilica appears in a scene from Pier Paolo Pasolini’s film “Edipo Re.” Additionally, the basilica is a reference point during the Christmas holidays, when the Santa Lucia market fills the porticoes with stalls selling sweets, toys, and crafts, creating a festive and traditional atmosphere.