Park of Needs

The Tapada das Necessidades, a ten-hectare park located in Lisbon, represents one of the city’s hidden treasures. Originally created as a royal hunting reserve and private space for the royal family, this garden is now a public oasis of peace and natural beauty. The park is named after the nearby Palácio das Necessidades, one of the most beloved royal residences of the Braganza dynasty. Its history began in 1604 with the construction of a chapel dedicated to Nossa Senhora das Necessidades, commissioned by King João V as a thanksgiving for a miracle received. In 1742, João V acquired the surrounding lands and transformed the area, adding a large chapel, a convent, and a palace for his residence. Over the years, the park underwent several changes, including a landscaping makeover in the English style commissioned by King Ferdinand II in the 19th century. The garden of Tapada das Necessidades is known for its botanical variety. It hosts rare plants from the Americas, Asia, and Africa, as well as one of the largest collections of cacti in Europe. Its green areas are dotted with ponds, statues, and exotic plants, creating a serene and relaxing environment. The characteristic waters of Lake Palmeira, Lake Estrelícias, and Lake Duque de Lafões add a touch of tranquility, while ducks and other local bird species offer a fascinating natural spectacle. Among the park’s prominent architectural elements is the Circular Greenhouse, an iron and glass greenhouse commissioned by King Pedro V in 1857. This building houses a variety of botanical plants and is an example of well-preserved historical architecture. Near the greenhouse, the Cactus Garden features a wide range of succulent plants, attracting botany enthusiasts and curious tourists. Historically, the park has played a significant role in the life of the Portuguese nobility. It was here that, according to legend, the French painter Édouard Manet found inspiration for his famous painting “Le déjeuner sur l’herbe” during a visit in 1859. This anecdote adds a particular charm to the place, making Tapada das Necessidades not only a site of natural interest but also artistic and cultural. Over the years, the park has maintained a certain degree of isolation and mystery. Despite some signs of abandonment, such as the empty cages of an old royal zoo, the park retains its charm and continues to be a quiet refuge away from urban bustle. Its stone walls create an atmosphere of privacy and serenity, making Tapada das Necessidades an ideal place for walks, readings, or simple moments of relaxation. Access to the park is facilitated by two main entrances: the north entrance on Rua do Borja and the south entrance on Largo das Necessidades. This accessibility, combined with the natural beauty and historical value of the park, makes Tapada das Necessidades a must-visit destination for those visiting Lisbon.