The Citadel - Riding School - Bergamo

The Citadel of Bergamo constitutes an important element in the historical and architectural identity of the city. This fortified complex dates back to the 15th century and is famous not only for its strategic value but also for its architectural beauty and the role it has played over the centuries. The Citadel is known for its imposing walls, bastions, and green spaces, which offer a unique panorama of the city and the surrounding horizon. Its construction began in 1440, under the domination of the Republic of Venice, and for centuries it represented a symbol of power and defense.Origins and History The history of the Citadel of Bergamo begins in 1440 when the Republic of Venice decided to strengthen the city’s defenses to counter enemy incursions. The works for the construction of the walls and fortifications were entrusted to the architect Francesco Maria Visconti, who created a project that integrated pre-existing fortifications with new architectural elements. The result was an imposing structure that extended for kilometers, characterized by a series of bastions, towers, and gates.During the period of Venetian domination, the Citadel became a central point of military and civilian life in the city. Its walls housed a garrison, and within the citadel were various buildings intended for different uses, including residential and social purposes. Its military use continued under Austrian rule, which took over after the fall of the Republic of Venice in 1797. During this period, the Citadel underwent further modifications and expansions to adapt to new strategic needs.In the 19th century, with the unification of Italy, the Citadel began to lose its role as a military structure. At the end of World War II, the citadel was left in a state of abandonment, but in the 1990s, an important recovery and enhancement project was initiated. This restoration returned the Citadel to its original splendor and opened new spaces for public and cultural enjoyment.What to Observe Now let’s move to the entrance of the Citadel. As soon as you enter, you will be greeted by the imposing walls made of local limestone. These walls have a defensive function, but today they are a highly appealing element that tells centuries of history.Continuing, you can observe the San Giacomo Gate, one of the main entrances to the complex. This gate, built in 1475, features an elegant architectural portal with friezes and decorations that reflect the Renaissance style. It is remarkable to notice how the architecture of this portal harmoniously integrates into the fortified context.Now head towards the San Giovanni bastion. Here you can enjoy a panoramic view of the city of Bergamo and the surrounding valleys. This bastion, built between 1550 and 1560, served not only defensive purposes but also functioned as a strategic observation point. From its elevated position, soldiers could spot any incoming dangers.Inside the Citadel, in the central area, is the Cavalry Yard. This space was originally intended for the breeding and custody of the army’s horses. Today it is an open and bright place where visitors can stroll and enjoy cultural events and exhibitions.In a corner of the Cavalry Yard, pay attention to a small chapel dedicated to Saint Bernard. This place of worship is steeped in history and art, with frescoes decorating its walls, testament to the devotion and religious culture of the time.Now let’s go to the central courtyard. This space represents the heart of the Citadel, where social and military activities once took place. The constructions that surround it display various architectural styles, testifying to the transformations that have occurred over the centuries. Don’t forget to admire the architectural details of the windows and doors, which reveal the design attentiveness of those times.Finally, a key element to observe is the surrounding nature. The gardens and green spaces within the Citadel have been recently restored to promote biodiversity and offer visitors places of rest. These gardens serve not only as a refuge for plants and animals but also as a peaceful place amidst history.Context and Connections The Citadel is located in the heart of the Bergamo Alta district, an area rich in history and culture. From here, we invite you to explore other significant sites worth visiting. Just a short walk from the Citadel, you can find the Basilica of Santa Maria Maggiore, a masterpiece of Romanesque-Gothic art. This basilica is famous for its richly decorated interiors and its significant artistic heritage.Another place to visit is the Colleoni Chapel, an extraordinary work built as a mausoleum for the condottiero Bartolomeo Colleoni. This chapel is a jewel of Renaissance architecture, with decorative details that make it unique.Finally, do not forget to visit Piazza Vecchia, considered the vibrant heart of Bergamo Alta. Here you can admire the ancient Palazzo della Ragione and the Campanone, symbols of the public life and culture of the city.Curiosities An interesting curiosity about the Citadel is its use as a location for cultural events. In recent years, this space has been used for music festivals, art exhibitions, and historical reenactments, making it a lively and engaging place.Additionally, the Citadel has hosted, during certain historical periods, theatrical performances and recreational activities intended for soldiers and their families. These initiatives helped create a sense of community and cohesion among the residents.Lastly, the restoration that took place in the 1990s was a significant project involving not only industry experts but also the local community, highlighting the importance of the Citadel as a symbol of identity for the people of Bergamo.